When purchasing residential or commercial real estate in Minnesota, it’s essential to understand land use restrictions and zoning regulations—especially if you’re considering building additional structures like a garage, guesthouse, shed, or accessory dwelling unit (ADU). These regulations are key to avoiding legal complications and ensuring your property plans align with local codes.
What Are Land Use Restrictions?
Land use restrictions are rules set by local municipalities, counties, or neighborhood associations that determine how land can be used. In Minnesota, these rules are enforced through zoning ordinances, building codes, easements, and sometimes HOA (Homeowners Association) covenants.
These restrictions often affect:
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Lot coverage and setbacks
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Maximum building height
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Permitted uses (residential, commercial, agricultural)
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Wetlands or environmental protections
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Historical district regulations
Can You Build an Additional Structure on Your Property in Minnesota?
The short answer: it depends. Here are several factors to consider:
1. Zoning Classification
Your property’s zoning classification—such as R-1 (single-family residential) or C-1 (commercial)—dictates what types of structures you can legally build. For example, R-1 zones often restrict multiple dwellings or large accessory buildings.
2. Setback and Lot Coverage Limits
Cities like Minneapolis, St. Paul, Rochester, and Duluth have strict setback requirements (the minimum distance a structure must be from the property line) and lot coverage limitations (the percentage of your lot that can be covered by buildings).
3. Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs)
ADUs are increasingly popular in Minnesota, especially in urban areas. Minneapolis has been a leader in ADU-friendly zoning, but you must still meet requirements for:
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Maximum square footage
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Design compatibility with the primary structure
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Parking and access
4. Permits and Building Codes
Even if your zoning allows for an additional structure, you’ll likely need to obtain a building permit from your local Building and Inspections Department. This ensures the structure complies with Minnesota Building Code standards, covering structural integrity, fire safety, plumbing, and electrical systems.
5. Environmental and Shoreland Restrictions
Minnesota’s Shoreland Management Program places additional restrictions on properties near lakes and rivers to protect water quality. This can impact whether or where you can build an extra structure.
6. HOA Rules and Covenants
If you live in a planned community or subdivision, you may be subject to HOA bylaws that prohibit certain structures regardless of city zoning. Always check Covenants, Conditions & Restrictions (CC&Rs) before starting any construction project.
How to Check Land Use Restrictions in Minnesota
To avoid costly mistakes, follow these steps:
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Check your property’s zoning map (available on your city or county website).
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Contact your local planning and zoning office to verify allowable uses.
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Review your title report or plat map for easements or deed restrictions.
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Hire a local real estate agent who understands zoning laws and can guide you through the process.
Final Thoughts
Whether you’re planning to build a detached garage in Eden Prairie, a guesthouse in Duluth, or an ADU in Minneapolis, understanding land use restrictions in Minnesota is critical. The right information will help you avoid delays, fines, and frustrations—and ensure your new structure adds long-term value to your property.
If you’re thinking about buying or building in Minnesota and want expert advice on zoning, permits, or investment potential, reach out to us. We’re here to help you make informed real estate decisions with confidence.
– Jordan Eatherton, Apex Realty Team